tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-73706379667479985852024-03-05T19:10:05.692-08:00Global Elder LawPromoting international and comparative elder law, law and aging, human rights of older persons, around the world.Israel (Issi) Doronhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07767906329448579531noreply@blogger.comBlogger69125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7370637966747998585.post-71030182789755526032019-08-06T23:47:00.000-07:002019-08-06T23:47:31.877-07:00An IFA report on the OEWG 2019<div dir="rtl" style="text-align: right;" trbidi="on">
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The UN OEWG on Aging (OEWG) has been working since 2011.</div>
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Recently, the IFA - International Federation on Aging has published an excellent report summarizing the history of the OEWG as well as its achievements thus far.</div>
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In its conclusion, the report states the following:</div>
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"Protecting the rights of older people enables them to live secure, dignified lives with the
ability to participate in that which they value. This report outlines the important steps that the
UN and others have taken to establish the OEWGA, while also emphasizing that there is much
more work to be done.
Despite the existence of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, older people are not
legally recognized under international human rights laws. The next crucial step the IFA and
partners must take is to advocate for a UN Convention on the rights of older people amongst
member states who lack knowledge or awareness on the importance of older people to
society.
Leading up and during to the IFA 15th Global Conference on Ageing "Rights Matter", the
work of the OEWGA will be used to mobilize enthusiasm in a targeted and strategic way to
raise the voices of older people and urge countries who are "on the edge" of supporting a
Convention on the Rights of Older People."</div>
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See full report:</div>
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<a href="https://www.ifa-fiv.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Resolutions-and-Background-OEWGA.pdf">https://www.ifa-fiv.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Resolutions-and-Background-OEWGA.pdf</a></div>
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Israel (Issi) Doronhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07767906329448579531noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7370637966747998585.post-60074292854427346422019-02-04T03:18:00.000-08:002019-02-04T03:18:48.696-08:00The Right to Education and Lifelong Learning<div dir="rtl" style="text-align: right;" trbidi="on">
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<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Joint
submission by AGE Platform Europe, HelpAge International, The Law in the
Service of the Elderly and the National Association of Community Legal Centres
Australia.<a href="file:///C:/Users/Israel%20Issi%20Doron/AppData/Local/Packages/Microsoft.Office.Desktop_8wekyb3d8bbwe/AC/INetCache/Content.Outlook/BP2EKKXS/Joint%20submission%20Education%20February%202019.docx#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[1]</span></b></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Open-ended
Working Group on Ageing, 10<sup>th</sup> Working Session, 15-18 April 2019<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Education, training, lifelong learning, and capacity building<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></u></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Authors</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">This joint
submission is authored by </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Robin Allen
(Cloisters), Andrew Byrnes (Australian Human Rights Institute, Faculty of Law,
University of New South Wales), Israel (Issi) Doron (University of Haifa), Nena
Georgantzi (AGE Platform Europe / National University of Ireland Galway), Bill
Mitchell (National Association of Community Legal Centres, Australia) and
Bridget Sleap (HelpAge International). Our views do not necessarily reflect the
broad and consensual positions of the organisations we represent, which will be
submitted separately.<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Context of Response<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">This response
addresses the guiding questions from a global perspective. It summarises a more
comprehensive statement which will be provided to the 10<sup>th</sup> working
session.</span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Question 1: International legal framework<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Despite provisions on the right to education,<a href="file:///C:/Users/Israel%20Issi%20Doron/AppData/Local/Packages/Microsoft.Office.Desktop_8wekyb3d8bbwe/AC/INetCache/Content.Outlook/BP2EKKXS/Joint%20submission%20Education%20February%202019.docx#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[2]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>
there are unique disadvantages and aspects of the right in older age which are
not adequately provided for in existing human rights law. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">International human rights standards are
needed on older persons’ right to lifelong learning and education on an equal
basis with others and without discrimination, so they can live autonomous and
independent lives, fulfil their aspirations, build their skills and capacities,
develop their full human potential and sense of dignity and self-worth, and
participate fully in society. <span style="color: #c00000;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Scope
of the right<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">The right shall cover all forms of
learning and education, including but not limited to tertiary education,
vocational training and retraining, digital education, adult education,
informal, recreational and community-based education, lifelong learning
programs, and skills training in literacy, numeracy and technological
competencies.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Non-discrimination
and equality<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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access to opportunities for all forms learning and levels of education without
discrimination based on age or any other factor.<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Older
people have the right to equal access to digital learning and education
platforms without discrimination based on age. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">States
shall take steps to eliminate negative ageist stereotypes and prejudices about
older people’s ability to learn.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Older
people have the right to the same opportunities as others to benefit from
scholarships and other educational or study grants. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Older
people have the right to participate in the decision-making processes regarding
the shape and content of learning and educational programs aimed at older
adults.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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participate as teachers and sources of knowledge and wisdom in learning and
educational programs for all generations.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Accessibility<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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affordable lifelong learning and education opportunities that fit their needs,
preferences, skills, motivations, and diverse identities.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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lifelong learning and education opportunities in settings that are accessible
to them including in their communities and in care and support settings.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Availability<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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access to opportunities of lifelong learning and education available to the
general public and to learning opportunities adapted to their specific needs,
skills, motivations, preferences and diverse identities.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Acceptability
<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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appropriate and acceptable lifelong learning and education opportunities that
fit their needs, preferences, skills, motivations, and diverse identities.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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learning and educational materials in an appropriate, accessible and acceptable
format.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Remedies
and redress<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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against breaches of the right to lifelong learning and education, including
breaches of privacy and security of data on digital and online learning
platforms.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Older
people have the right to accessible legal information. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Older people have the right to
accountability mechanisms that provide for remedies and redress when their
rights are violated. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Question
2: Challenges in availability, accessibility and adaptability</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Older persons face a range of challenges to
the enjoyment of their right to education, including:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Lack of availability of learning
opportunities adapted to the preferences and learning needs of older persons,
for example prison rehabilitation programmes tend to cater for younger
offenders in terms of skills training and education and release programmes may
not address the resettlement challenges older prisoners may face.<a href="file:///C:/Users/Israel%20Issi%20Doron/AppData/Local/Packages/Microsoft.Office.Desktop_8wekyb3d8bbwe/AC/INetCache/Content.Outlook/BP2EKKXS/Joint%20submission%20Education%20February%202019.docx#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn3;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[3]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Information
not available in formats accessible to older persons<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Limited
access to education, training and learning opportunities for older persons in
care and support settings<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Unequal
access to digital education, including e-textbooks, mobile learning, online
learning and technology-enhanced learning, due to interfaces that do not allow
for difference in vision, hearing and dexterity, unaffordable technologies or
lack of access to digital skills training<a href="file:///C:/Users/Israel%20Issi%20Doron/AppData/Local/Packages/Microsoft.Office.Desktop_8wekyb3d8bbwe/AC/INetCache/Content.Outlook/BP2EKKXS/Joint%20submission%20Education%20February%202019.docx#_ftn4" name="_ftnref4" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn4;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[4]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Limited
access to legal information and how to access legal and other complaint-making
proceedings.<a href="file:///C:/Users/Israel%20Issi%20Doron/AppData/Local/Packages/Microsoft.Office.Desktop_8wekyb3d8bbwe/AC/INetCache/Content.Outlook/BP2EKKXS/Joint%20submission%20Education%20February%202019.docx#_ftn5" name="_ftnref5" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn5;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[5]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Unaffordable cost of education,
training or skills building courses and associated costs such as transport<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Question
5: Equality and non-discrimination<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Older persons experience ageism and age
discrimination in relation to the right to education in different ways, for
example:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Deeply entrenched ageist stereotypes
that older persons need not, cannot, and do not wish to, learn<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Age
limits in education which are considered lawful under anti-age discrimination
legislation<a href="file:///C:/Users/Israel%20Issi%20Doron/AppData/Local/Packages/Microsoft.Office.Desktop_8wekyb3d8bbwe/AC/INetCache/Content.Outlook/BP2EKKXS/Joint%20submission%20Education%20February%202019.docx#_ftn6" name="_ftnref6" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn6;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[6]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Age
limits for scholarships and other support instruments which exclude older
persons.<a href="file:///C:/Users/Israel%20Issi%20Doron/AppData/Local/Packages/Microsoft.Office.Desktop_8wekyb3d8bbwe/AC/INetCache/Content.Outlook/BP2EKKXS/Joint%20submission%20Education%20February%202019.docx#_ftn7" name="_ftnref7" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn7;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[7]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Unequal
access of older workers to employment training and career development schemes<a href="file:///C:/Users/Israel%20Issi%20Doron/AppData/Local/Packages/Microsoft.Office.Desktop_8wekyb3d8bbwe/AC/INetCache/Content.Outlook/BP2EKKXS/Joint%20submission%20Education%20February%202019.docx#_ftn8" name="_ftnref8" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn8;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[8]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Funding
for further education which prioritises low-level skills and qualifications
that are not appropriate for older persons who already have these but need to
extend their skills to remain in employment.<a href="file:///C:/Users/Israel%20Issi%20Doron/AppData/Local/Packages/Microsoft.Office.Desktop_8wekyb3d8bbwe/AC/INetCache/Content.Outlook/BP2EKKXS/Joint%20submission%20Education%20February%202019.docx#_ftn9" name="_ftnref9" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn9;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[9]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Invisibility
and lack of voice in shaping and choosing the content of education and learning
programs aimed at older adults.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Exclusion
and discrimination based on old age in participating in the teaching and
managing staff of educational and learning programs for older adults.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div style="mso-element: footnote-list;">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><br clear="all" />
<hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" />
<!--[endif]-->
<div id="ftn1" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/Israel%20Issi%20Doron/AppData/Local/Packages/Microsoft.Office.Desktop_8wekyb3d8bbwe/AC/INetCache/Content.Outlook/BP2EKKXS/Joint%20submission%20Education%20February%202019.docx#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title=""></a><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">*</span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> For further information contact Bridget Sleap <span class="MsoHyperlink"><a href="mailto:bsleap@helpage.org">bsleap@helpage.org</a></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/Israel%20Issi%20Doron/AppData/Local/Packages/Microsoft.Office.Desktop_8wekyb3d8bbwe/AC/INetCache/Content.Outlook/BP2EKKXS/Joint%20submission%20Education%20February%202019.docx#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[2]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9.0pt;"> For example, UDHR Article 26, ICESCR
Article 13, CEDAW Article 10, CRPD Article 24</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn3" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/Israel%20Issi%20Doron/AppData/Local/Packages/Microsoft.Office.Desktop_8wekyb3d8bbwe/AC/INetCache/Content.Outlook/BP2EKKXS/Joint%20submission%20Education%20February%202019.docx#_ftnref3" name="_ftn3" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn3;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-GB"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[3]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-GB"> Sleap, Old age behind bars: how can prisons adapt to the needs of
increasingly elderly populations? 2014, <span class="MsoHyperlink"><a href="https://www.penalreform.org/blog/age-bars-prisons-adapt-increasingly-elderly-populations/">https://www.penalreform.org/blog/age-bars-prisons-adapt-increasingly-elderly-populations/</a></span>
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<a href="file:///C:/Users/Israel%20Issi%20Doron/AppData/Local/Packages/Microsoft.Office.Desktop_8wekyb3d8bbwe/AC/INetCache/Content.Outlook/BP2EKKXS/Joint%20submission%20Education%20February%202019.docx#_ftnref4" name="_ftn4" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn4;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[4]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9.0pt;"> Craig Mokhiber, Artificial Intolerance and
Digital Dignity: Older Persons, Human Rights and New Technologies for
Education, presentation at the International Expert-Conference on Human Rights
of Older Persons, Vienna, 13<sup>th</sup> November 2018, <span class="MsoHyperlink"><a href="http://www.ageing.at/en/downloads/downloads-day-2-en">http://www.ageing.at/en/downloads/downloads-day-2-en</a></span>
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<a href="file:///C:/Users/Israel%20Issi%20Doron/AppData/Local/Packages/Microsoft.Office.Desktop_8wekyb3d8bbwe/AC/INetCache/Content.Outlook/BP2EKKXS/Joint%20submission%20Education%20February%202019.docx#_ftnref5" name="_ftn5" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn5;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-GB"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[5]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-GB"> Edwards and Fontana, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Legal
Information Needs of Older People</i>, Law and Justice Foundation of New South
Wales, 2004 <span class="MsoHyperlink"><a href="http://www.lawfoundation.net.au/ljf/site/articleIDs/9D9D131462B745E0CA257060007D1408/$file/legal_info_needs_report.pdf">http://www.lawfoundation.net.au/ljf/site/articleIDs/9D9D131462B745E0CA257060007D1408/$file/legal_info_needs_report.pdf</a></span>
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<a href="file:///C:/Users/Israel%20Issi%20Doron/AppData/Local/Packages/Microsoft.Office.Desktop_8wekyb3d8bbwe/AC/INetCache/Content.Outlook/BP2EKKXS/Joint%20submission%20Education%20February%202019.docx#_ftnref6" name="_ftn6" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn6;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-GB"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[6]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-GB"> https://civilrights.findlaw.com/discrimination/age-discrimination-in-education.html<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///C:/Users/Israel%20Issi%20Doron/AppData/Local/Packages/Microsoft.Office.Desktop_8wekyb3d8bbwe/AC/INetCache/Content.Outlook/BP2EKKXS/Joint%20submission%20Education%20February%202019.docx#_ftnref7" name="_ftn7" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn7;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-GB"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[7]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-GB"> <span class="MsoHyperlink"><a href="https://ageing-equal.org/ageism-in-lifelong-learning/">https://ageing-equal.org/ageism-in-lifelong-learning/</a></span>
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<a href="file:///C:/Users/Israel%20Issi%20Doron/AppData/Local/Packages/Microsoft.Office.Desktop_8wekyb3d8bbwe/AC/INetCache/Content.Outlook/BP2EKKXS/Joint%20submission%20Education%20February%202019.docx#_ftnref8" name="_ftn8" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn8;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9.0pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[8]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9.0pt;"> Alexis Rinckenbach, Lifelong education and
digital training for the elderly in France, presentation at the International
Expert-Conference on Human Rights of Older Persons, Vienna, 13<sup>th</sup>
November 2018, <span class="MsoHyperlink"><a href="http://www.ageing.at/en/downloads/downloads-day-2-en">http://www.ageing.at/en/downloads/downloads-day-2-en</a></span>
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<a href="file:///C:/Users/Israel%20Issi%20Doron/AppData/Local/Packages/Microsoft.Office.Desktop_8wekyb3d8bbwe/AC/INetCache/Content.Outlook/BP2EKKXS/Joint%20submission%20Education%20February%202019.docx#_ftnref9" name="_ftn9" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn9;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-GB"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">[9]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-GB"> <span class="MsoHyperlink"><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/education/2009/jun/09/backtoschool-accesstouniversity">https://www.theguardian.com/education/2009/jun/09/backtoschool-accesstouniversity</a></span>
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Israel (Issi) Doronhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07767906329448579531noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7370637966747998585.post-45170609504167047072018-11-23T00:07:00.000-08:002018-11-23T00:07:08.784-08:00A new book on European Elder Law: "Ageing, Ageism, and the Law"<div dir="rtl" style="text-align: right;" trbidi="on">
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Until not many years ago, the field of law and aging was relatively neglected within European jurisprudence. </div>
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This has changed dramatically in recent years.</div>
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However, much was left to be studied, at least in the field of ageism and European law.</div>
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A new and recent book in the field, edited by Prof. Israel Issi Doron, and Nena Georgantzi, presents a collection of articles in the field. The book was published by EE - Edward Elgar.</div>
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Here is a synopsis of the book:</div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: latoregular; font-size: 14px;">Europe is ageing. However, in many European countries, and in almost all fields of life, older persons experience discrimination, social exclusion, and negative stereotypes that portray them as different or a burden to society. This pivotal book is the first of its kind, providing a rich and diverse analysis of the inter-relationships between ageing, ageism and law within Europe.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: latoregular; font-size: 14px;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: latoregular; font-size: 14px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: latoregular; font-size: 14px;">Throughout the book – which builds on a European Cooperation in Science & Technology (COST) action – leading scholars offer theoretical and empirical analysis in order to discern the role European law plays in perpetuating and combating ageism. Including specific examples of how stereotypes and prejudices influence and shape the European legal system, the book contributes to the broader current global social movement towards advancing a new international human rights convention for older persons.</span><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: latoregular; font-size: 14px;" /><br style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: latoregular; font-size: 14px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: latoregular; font-size: 14px;">Timely and engaging, this book will appeal to students and scholars of law, sociology, public policy and a wide range of related fields including gerontology, human rights, and health studies. Practitioners, policy-makers, civil society organizations and senior citizens activists will also benefit from the insights into the socio-legal aspects of social policies and human rights of older persons.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 14px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: latoregular;"><a href="https://www.e-elgar.com/shop/ageing-ageism-and-the-law">https://www.e-elgar.com/shop/ageing-ageism-and-the-law</a></span></span></div>
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Israel (Issi) Doronhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07767906329448579531noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7370637966747998585.post-40822937744390072622018-11-12T04:35:00.001-08:002018-11-12T04:35:25.919-08:00WHO - World Health Organization and the Combat on Ageism<div dir="rtl" style="text-align: right;" trbidi="on">
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There is a clear link between the human rights of older persons (or lack / infringements of these rights) and ageism - the social construction of old age.</div>
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In recent years there has been a growing awareness for the need to combat ageism as part of the battle to promote the human rights of older persons and their social status across cultures and countries.</div>
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One of the key players on the global level in this field is WHO - the World Health Organization.</div>
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In its web-site one can find wealth of information, data, and empowering kits to work "on the ground" to address not only ageism, but also self-ageism, which is the internalization of negative attitudes by older persons as part of self adoption of social expectations.</div>
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See the WHO web-site and the wealth of its materials:</div>
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<a href="http://www.who.int/ageing/ageism/en/">http://www.who.int/ageing/ageism/en/</a></div>
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Israel (Issi) Doronhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07767906329448579531noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7370637966747998585.post-52967109029190935752018-10-12T06:27:00.001-07:002018-10-12T06:27:42.193-07:00Ageing Equal: A global awareness raising campaign against ageism<div dir="rtl" style="text-align: right;" trbidi="on">
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Here is a new press release about a new and important global human rights campaign:</div>
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The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) will celebrate its 70th anniversary this year. AGE Platform Europe, with partners active in the promotion of human rights, is seizing this momentum to launch a 70-day awareness campaign for “Ageing Equal”. Testimonies and research from around the world prove that ageism is the most widespread discrimination. As we are all getting older, ageism affects or will affect all of us. And yet: because it is often more socially accepted, ageism is one of the least known form of discrimination. Fighting ageism should be everyone’s concern: it is time to take action against it!</div>
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Stand up against ageism</div>
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Globally, the number of persons aged 80 years or over is projected to increase more than threefold between 2017 and 2050, rising from 137 million to 425 millioni. Ageist attitudes lead to the marginalisation, poverty and abuse of older persons and have negative impacts on their health and well-beingii. Research has shown that people with more negative age stereotypes live on average 7.5 years less than those with more positive attitudes to ageingiii.</div>
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Pervasive ageism is embedded in our cultures, institutions and policies. It prevents us from enjoying our human rights when we reach older age and from recognizing the harmful effects of discrimination in older age. For example, age limits that hamper the participation of older workers in trainings are still widespread today. For unemployed over 55, it is more likely that they will not be employed again. In some EU member states, older people above the age of 70 are denied the right to rent a car regardless of their driving abilities. If these discriminations were based on sex or race, we would find them unacceptable – why are they permitted on the ground of age?</div>
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70 days to learn and act</div>
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The momentum launched by the United Nations to celebrate the 70th anniversary of the UDHR is reminding us that human rights are rights that everyone enjoys,</div>
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AGE work is co-funded by the Rights, Equality and Citizenship Programme of the European Union. The contents of this document are the sole responsibility of AGE Platform Europe and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Commission. regardless of age, gender, ethnicity or race, belief or religion, sexual orientation or property, etc. For 70 days, the “Ageing Equal” campaign will invite you to reflect on the prevalence and gravity of ageism and on the importance to stand</div>
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up for your rights no matter what age you are.</div>
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The campaign will kick-off on 1st October, the International Day of Older Persons,</div>
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and will culminate on 10th December, the International Human Rights Day. It will</div>
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be structured around 10 thematic weeks reflecting the diversity of experiences in</div>
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older age and the multiple discrimination experienced by different groups as</div>
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they grow older. The campaign will invite everyone to become vocal about this</div>
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unrecognised denial of human rights, and hopefully will draw a path to create a</div>
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society for all ages.</div>
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Useful resources</div>
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Campaign blog: ageing-equal.org (live from 1st October 2018)</div>
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Campaign communication toolkit: trello.com/b/q14dqegb</div>
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including a joint statement from Members of the European Parliament</div>
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Intergroup subgroup on Active Ageing and Solidarity between Generations</div>
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that will be updated regularly as we receive more signatures from MEPs</div>
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Campaign page on AGE website: bit.ly/AGE-AgeingEqual</div>
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Press contact</div>
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For any query or to organise an interview with AGE members or partners,</div>
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please contact: Estelle Huchet, estelle.huchet@age-platform.eu</div>
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Israel (Issi) Doronhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07767906329448579531noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7370637966747998585.post-75730600431893547262018-09-25T04:35:00.001-07:002018-09-25T04:35:10.682-07:00International Rights of Older Persons: Ageism, Justice, and Social Policy<div dir="rtl" style="text-align: right;" trbidi="on">
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International Rights of Older Persons: Ageism, Justice, and Social Policy</h2>
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<a href="https://www.americanbar.org/publications/bifocal/vol_35/issue_2_dec2013/international_rights_of_older_persons.html" target="_blank"><span class="article_volume" style="font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.2em;">BIFOCAL, Vol. 35</span> <span class="article_issue" style="font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.2em;">Issue: 2</span></a></h3>
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by<span class="article_authors" style="display: block; font-family: Verdana;">Prof. Israel (Issi) Doron</span></div>
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About the author: Prof. Israel (Issi) Doron is the Head of the Department of Gerontology, University of Haifa, Israel. He is also a former “International Commissioner” of the ABA Commission of Law and Aging.</div>
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(<span style="font-weight: 700; margin: 0px;">Note</span>: The pdf for the issue in which this article appears is available for download: <a href="https://www.americanbar.org/content/dam/aba/publications/bifocal/BIFOCALNovember-December2013.pdf" style="color: #006699; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">BIFOCAL Vol. 35, Issue 2</a>.)</div>
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<span style="font-weight: 700; margin: 0px;">Introduction </span><br />Much has been said on the fact that we are living in the era of a demographic revolution: the revolution of ageing. The data and the implications on the dramatic change in the demographic composition of the human race are well-known, and have been reviewed in recent decades in innumerable articles, studies, and books. I would go so far as to say that there exists today a fairly broad consensus that one of the most important social policy issues that will engage the entire world in the 21st century is the issue of the ageing of society.</div>
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There are those who say that at issue is no less than a “social revolution,” and even if we do not agree with this term, it is undoubtedly a change in the human experience of a type that has never before been experienced in human history: There has never before been a time when a person could rise in the morning, go out into the public space, and every fourth person he or she meets in the street is above the age of 65. Looking inward, the central challenges in the domestic political sphere will therefore be connected to the various aspects of the ageing of the societies, and for the broad implications that this phenomenon will have on economics, health, and society.</div>
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This social demographic revolution has also legal implications. Elder law and the issues of rights of older persons have become key elements in legal reforms all over the world. New and novel pieces of legislation along new precedents and court-based (common-law) developments can be found almost in any country around the world. This is true not only on the national-law level but on the international-law level as well. As of today, one of the most important discussions at the international level is whether there is a need for a new human rights convention regarding the rights of older persons. I have written in the past on this issue (Doron & Apter, 2010, 2010a; Doron & Spanier, 2010; Doron, Brown, & Somers, 2013).</div>
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In this short article, which is based on my presentation, August 13, 2013, in New York as part of the fourth meeting of the UN Open Ended Working Group on Ageing, I argue that the need for such a convention rests, amongst other things, on the need for social justice for older persons around the world.</div>
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<span style="font-weight: 700; margin: 0px;">On Professor Nancy Fraser’s Model for Social Justice</span><br />My argument is based on a theoretical model of social justice. This model was presented by Professor Nancy Fraser of the New School for Social Research, New York, NY, in her article entitled, “From Redistribution to Recognition? Dilemmas of Justice in a ‘Post-Socialist’ Age” (Fraser, 1995). It is a philosophical argument comprising four different parts, which I will briefly present below:</div>
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<span style="font-weight: 700; margin: 0px;">Injustice of Distribution vs. Injustice of Recognition </span><br />In the first phase of the argument, Professor Fraser draws a distinction between two different kinds of social injustices: economic-distributive injustice and cognitive-cultural injustice. According to her, the distinction is based on the fact that:</div>
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The first is socioeconomic injustice, which is rooted in the political-economic structure of society. Examples include exploitation (having the fruits of one’s labour appropriated for the benefit of others); economic marginalization (being confined to undesirable or poorly paid work or being denied access to income-generating labour altogether); and deprivation (being denied an adequate material standard of living).</blockquote>
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The second kind of injustice is cultural or symbolic. It is rooted in social patterns of representation, interpretation, and communication. Examples include cultural domination (being subjected to patterns of interpretation and communication that are associated with another culture and are alien and/or hostile to one’s own); nonrecognition (being rendered invisible via the authoritative representational, communicative, and interpretative practices of one’s culture); and disrespect (being routinely maligned or disparaged in stereotypic public cultural representations and/or in everyday life interactions).” (pp. 70-71).</blockquote>
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<span style="font-weight: 700; margin: 0px;">Exploited Classes, Despised Classes and Bivalent Collectivities</span><br />After Professor Fraser presents both types of the different injustices, she then presents what is derived from them – in other words, a spectrum of various types of “collectives” or “classes.” On one end of this group spectrum are the exploited classes: “At this end let us posit an ideal-typical mode of collectivity whose existence is rooted wholly in the political economy. It will be differentiated as a collectivity, in other words, by virtue of the economic structure, as opposed to the cultural order, of society. Thus any structural injustices its members suffer will be traceable ultimately to the political economy.” (p. 75). In practice, the classic example of such an exploited “collective” is, of course, the “working class,” at least in its Marxist conceptualization.</div>
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On the other end of the collective spectrum, Professor Fraser describes the following group: “At this end we may posit an ideal-typical mode of collectivity that fits the recognition model of justice. A collectivity of this type is rooted wholly in culture, as opposed to in political economy. It only exists as a collectivity by virtue of the reigning social patterns of interpretation and evaluation, not by virtue of the division of labor. Thus, any structural injustices its members suffer will be traceable ultimately to the cultural-valuational structure.” (p. 76). In practice, a good example of such a decentralized collectivity is, for example, the group of homosexual people who, despite the fact that they are dispersed across all parts of the economic-standing class of capitalist society, still suffer from scorn and humiliation due to their sexual orientation.</div>
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Finally, in a range between the two edges of the spectrum, Professor Fraser presents the collectives that she calls “bivalent,” which suffer both from economic and cultural injustice. As she says: “When we consider collectivities located in the middle of the conceptual spectrum, we encounter hybrid modes that combine features of the exploited class with features of the despised sexuality. These collectivities are ‘bivalent.’ They are differentiated as collectivities by virtue of both the political-economic structure and the cultural-valuational structure of society.” (p. 78). According to Professor Fraser, belonging to a gender or racial group are examples of bivalent collectivities, in which both encompass dimensions of economic injustices alongside cultural and symbolic injustices.</div>
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<span style="font-weight: 700; margin: 0px;">Affirmative Remedy vs. Transformative Remedy</span><br />After presentations of the various types of injustices, and presenting the types of social collectives derived from them, Professor Fraser goes on to present the various types of “remedy,” which purport to provide a solution for the various social injustices. Similar to the previous phases, Professor Fraser draws a conceptual distinction between two different types of social policy whose purpose is to resolve or to remedy the injustice: affirmative remedy and transformative remedy. Or, in her words:</div>
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My aim is to distinguish two broad approaches to remedying injustice that cut across the redistribution–recognition divide. I shall call them ”affirmation” and ”transformation” respectively... By affirmative remedies for injustice, I mean remedies aimed at correcting inequitable outcomes of social arrangements without disturbing the underlying framework that generates them. By transformative remedies, in contrast, I mean remedies aimed at correcting inequitable outcomes precisely by restructuring the underlying generative framework. The nub of the contrast is end-state outcomes versus the processes that produce them. (p. 82). </blockquote>
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<span style="font-weight: 700; margin: 0px;">Integration: The Results of an Intersection between the Types of Injustices and the Types of Remedies</span><br />After presenting the various types of injustices, the various types of social collectivities that are derived from them, and the patterns of the “remedy” for the various types of injustices, Professor Fraser, in effect, moves on to the operative “result” of the integration of the matrix of these classifications. The result is the following table (p. 87):</div>
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[For the chart, please see page 54 of <a href="https://www.americanbar.org/content/dam/aba/publications/bifocal/BIFOCALNovember-December2013.pdf" style="color: #006699; text-decoration-line: none;">BIFOCAL Vol. 35, Issue 2</a>.] <br /><br />As the table shows, each intersection of a type of injustice with a type of change leads to a different pattern of social policy. From a description of matters thus far, it is fairly clear that Professor Fraser, on the conceptual level, supports a policy that integrates a transformative remedy on both of the injustice fronts – the redistributive as well as the recognitive. Or, as she puts it: “For both gender and ‘race’, the scenario that best finesses the redistribution–recognition dilemma is socialism in the economy plus deconstruction in the culture.” (p. 91).</div>
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<span style="font-weight: 700; margin: 0px;">Status and Injustice for Older Persons</span><br />At this point, I would like to incorporate the knowledge about the ageing, along with Professor Fraser’s theory of social justice that was presented above, and to ask first: From what “injustice” do older people suffer? And what “type” of social group are they? I will risk stating that, generally speaking, older persons suffer from what Professor Fraser would call distributive injustice. The basis for this argument is supported by a wide range of well-known data relating to poverty rates of older persons around the world: a significant portion of the older population experiences poverty. In many countries around the world, many older persons suffer from moderate or severe nutritional insecurity, or experience economic distress. I believe that there is sufficient evidence to prove that there is truth to the argument that older persons across the globe indeed suffer from “distributive injustice.”</div>
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I now arrive at the central question: Do older persons suffer – in addition to the distributive injustice – from cultural and symbolic injustice as well? My answer to this question is: Yes. Older persons are not only an exploited class, but a disparaged class as well. They are a disparaged class due to the fact that they suffer – significantly and substantively – from what is known as ageism. Ageism is a complex term, which is not easy to define. One of the key figures in connection with developing the boundaries of the term ageism and defining it is the late Dr. Robert Butler. One of the first definitions, known as “Butler and Lewis’s definition” of 1973, defined ageism thus (Butler and Lewis, 1973):</div>
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Ageism can be seen as a process of systematic stereotyping of and discrimination against people because they are old, just as racism and sexism accomplish this for skin color and gender. Old people are categorized as senile, rigid in thought and manner, old-fashioned in morality and skills [. . .] Ageism allows the younger generations to see older people as different from themselves, thus they subtly cease to identify with their elders as human beings.</blockquote>
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Do older persons suffer from ageism around the world? Once again, I believe that there is ample evidence to suggest that the answer is yes. Older persons are discriminated because of their age at the work force; they are presented in a humiliated way in various popular media platforms; they are invisible to many key cultural institutions; and they are marginalized in major social activities. In most parts of the world, no one wants to be named: “old person.”</div>
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<span style="font-weight: 700; margin: 0px;">So - What Kind of “Social Justice” Do Older Persons Really Need? </span><br />At this stage, it is time to move to the socio-legal remedies. In my opinion, the socio-legal policies that have been adopted in many countries around the world in the sphere of social justice in old age have focused on the different aspects of affirmative remedy of the distributive injustice:</div>
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<li style="list-style-position: outside; list-style-type: disc; margin: 0px 0px 0px 18px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;">Creating a social security system that is based on old age and survivor allowances alongside old age assured income systems;</li>
<li style="list-style-position: outside; list-style-type: disc; margin: 0px 0px 0px 18px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;">Adding long-term care (either in the community or in institutions) to social security schemes;</li>
<li style="list-style-position: outside; list-style-type: disc; margin: 0px 0px 0px 18px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;">Allocating resources to financing institutional frameworks for nursing care; or</li>
<li style="list-style-position: outside; list-style-type: disc; margin: 0px 0px 0px 18px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 5px;">Creating a range of economic discounts and benefits for “senior citizens.”</li>
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These all focused on an attempt to redistribute revenues in a manner that would “correct” the injustice of the elderly poor.</div>
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On the other hand, thus far, in the vast majority of countries around the world, no effective and significant legal action has been taken as part of a coherent and clear social policy aimed to contend with the symbolic and cultural-recognition injustice of older persons. Reality in many cases is quite the opposite: Social policies increased and emphasized the aspects of weakness, illness, and disability of older persons, and in so doing, in effect, reflected and bolstered the disparagement and the humiliation from which older persons suffer.</div>
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My personal conclusion from the analysis presented above is clear: in the sphere of socio-legal justice for older persons, national and international focus should be shifted from the “well-known failure” of redistributive justice to the “unknown failure” of cultural and symbolic justice. More specifically, this conclusion is relevant to the current discussion at the international level regarding the need for a new and specific human rights convention for the rights of older persons.</div>
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Beyond all other arguments, the understanding that there is a real symbolic, cultural, and “recognitional” importance to a new international human rights convention exclusively dedicated to older persons – is of significance. It explains why even if legal rights of older persons can be currently indirectly addressed through existing human rights instruments – this is not enough: it will not resolve the existing socio-legal injustice older persons are experiencing. Only a new and exclusive human rights convention will symbolize and dignify our recognition of older persons as a fully equal group worthy of society’s respect.</div>
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<span style="font-weight: 700; margin: 0px;">References</span></div>
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Doron, I. & Apter, I. (2010). International rights of older persons: What difference would an international convention make on the lives of older persons? Marquette Elder’s Advisor Law Review, 11(2), 367-385.</div>
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Doron, I. & Apter, I. (2010a). The Debate Around the Need for an International Convention on the Rights of Older Persons. The Gerontologist, 50(5), 586-593.</div>
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Doron, I., & Spanier, B. (2012). International convention on rights of older persons: Where we were, where we are and where we are going? Global Ageing, 8(1), 7-16.</div>
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Doron, I., Brown, B., & Somers, S. (2013). International protection for the human rights of older people: History and future prospects. In P. Brownell and J. Kelly (Eds.) Ageism and Mistreatment of Older Workers: Current Reality, Future Solutions (pp. 165-180). NY, New York: Springer.</div>
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Fraser, N. (1995). From Redistribution to Recognition? Dilemmas of Justice in a ‘Post-Socialist’ Age. New Left Review, 212, 68–94. ■ </div>
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Israel (Issi) Doronhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07767906329448579531noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7370637966747998585.post-51666558132494233272018-09-23T23:23:00.000-07:002018-09-23T23:23:03.401-07:00A new book on Australian Elder Law<div dir="rtl" style="text-align: right;" trbidi="on">
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A new book on Australian elder law. Yet another example of the growing need and interest in our field.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5cynyfX9tA2kW1xtoNyWpgxbv9KEa7tZTxrdsj0QM_q34UjFJcBvF77O6Vh5xt2gFpQDo2W1gs8w5V5O7VHXZxRJ0NPDfCgYsVSllNAlf2z6g9VNr_OF80JC8X2GPuGVnoIq2Oll9OHE/s1600/ScreenHunter_1245+Sep.+24+09.03.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="723" data-original-width="1073" height="215" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5cynyfX9tA2kW1xtoNyWpgxbv9KEa7tZTxrdsj0QM_q34UjFJcBvF77O6Vh5xt2gFpQDo2W1gs8w5V5O7VHXZxRJ0NPDfCgYsVSllNAlf2z6g9VNr_OF80JC8X2GPuGVnoIq2Oll9OHE/s320/ScreenHunter_1245+Sep.+24+09.03.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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Israel (Issi) Doronhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07767906329448579531noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7370637966747998585.post-33032061770075284192018-07-17T08:19:00.002-07:002018-07-17T08:19:50.099-07:00Time for AGEIVISM<div dir="rtl" style="text-align: right;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="background-color: white; color: purple;"><a href="http://www.ageivism.org/" target="_blank">AGEIVISM</a></span></div>
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<span style="color: purple;">If one wishes to promote the human rights of older persons, one need ideology.</span></div>
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<div class="font_7" dir="ltr" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: #18157c; font-family: avenir-lt-w01_35-light1475496, sans-serif; font-size: 21px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: darkred; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">"Ageivism" refers to an ideology which serves as the basis for calls for social action (echoing similar "isms", e.g. feminism, or socialism) on the protection and promotion of the rights of older persons based on the grounds of political, social and economic principles of identity, dignity and social justice.</span></div>
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<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: darkred; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="font_7" dir="ltr" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: #18157c; font-family: avenir-lt-w01_35-light1475496, sans-serif; font-size: 21px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: darkred; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Ageivism derives from two well-known bodies of knowledge: one – the politics of identity; the other – the concept of ideology. The politics of identity is not new to the field of social justice and social policy. Women, Afro-American, Persons with disabilities, the LGBTQ community, have all used this kind of discourse to utilize their social struggle for equality, dignity, human rights and social justice.[i] One very clear and forceful example of the importance of the politics of identity can be found in the feminist writings of Prof. Nancy Fraser.[ii] It is beyond the scope of this short article to fully discuss and implement Fraser's argument in the context of older persons as this has been already done.[iii] For the purposes of this article, it would be sufficient to argue that older persons experience both symbolic and cultural injustices, such as being portrayed in the public media as a burden on society or irrelevant and senile.</span></div>
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<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: darkred; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="font_7" dir="ltr" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: #18157c; font-family: avenir-lt-w01_35-light1475496, sans-serif; font-size: 21px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: darkred; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Along with the politics of identity, the concept of "ideology" is central to the term "ageivism". For the purposed of this article, "ideology" will mean "a system of ideas and ideals" as well as "the set of beliefs characteristic of a social group."[iv] Ageivism therefore is an ideology which encompasses a set of ideas and ideals regarding older persons as a distinct social group. This isthe outcome of viewing old age a social construction rather than compartmentalizing old persons according to chronological age, biology or other categories. Ageivism calls for the liberation of older persons from existing oppression and discrimination which is embedded in ageism. It opposes any attempt to eliminate older persons as a distinct social group, or eradicate old age as a unique human experience. Ageivism, as an ideology, encourages older persons to self-identify as such, and to actively resist the attempts to ignore their unique subjective social experiences of being old in modern and post-modern societies.</span></div>
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<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: darkred; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></div>
<div class="font_7" dir="ltr" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: #18157c; font-family: avenir-lt-w01_35-light1475496, sans-serif; font-size: 21px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: darkred; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Eventually, ageivism as an ideology calls for social change through social activism. Once again, these terms are not only historically and theoretically rich and complex, but entail diverse sociological, psychological and political contexts.</span></div>
<div class="font_7" dir="ltr" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: #18157c; font-family: avenir-lt-w01_35-light1475496, sans-serif; font-size: 21px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: darkred; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="font_7" dir="ltr" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: avenir-lt-w01_35-light1475496, sans-serif; font-size: 21px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="color: darkred;">See new web-site: <a href="http://www.ageivism.org/">www.ageivism.org</a></span></div>
<div class="font_7" dir="ltr" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; font-family: avenir-lt-w01_35-light1475496, sans-serif; font-size: 21px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: normal; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: auto; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="color: darkred;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
Israel (Issi) Doronhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07767906329448579531noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7370637966747998585.post-37091919283005461682018-06-14T09:14:00.000-07:002018-06-14T09:15:38.207-07:00The Right of Older Persons to Freedom from Violence, Abuse and Neglect - Joint Submission to the OEWG<div dir="rtl" style="text-align: right;" trbidi="on">
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<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Joint submission by AGE Platform
Europe, HelpAge International, The Law in the Service of the Elderly and the National
Association of Community Legal Centres Australia<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Open-Ended Working Group On Ageing,
9<sup>th</sup> Working Session, 23-26 July 2018<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Normative
content on the right of older persons to freedom from violence, abuse and
neglect<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Authors</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">This joint submission is authored by </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Robin
Allen (Cloisters), Andrew Byrnes (Australian Human Rights Institute, Faculty of
Law, University of New South Wales), Israel (Issi) Doron (University of Haifa),
Nena Georgantzi (AGE Platform Europe / National University of Ireland Galway),
Bill Mitchell (National Association of Community Legal Centres, Australia) and
Bridget Sleap (HelpAge International). Our views do not necessarily reflect the
broad and consensual positions of the organisations we represent, which will be
submitted separately.<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Affirmation of the
right<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">1.
Older persons have the right to freedom from violence, abuse and neglect.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Scope
of the right<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">1.1
The right includes all forms of violence, abuse and neglect against older
persons.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">1.2
The right applies to violence, abuse and neglect in private and public
settings. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">1.3
States Parties are responsible for acts of violence against older persons and
abuse and neglect of older persons committed by organs, officials and agents of
the state at all levels, including private actors acting under the direction of
or in accordance with the instructions of the state, or whose acts are otherwise
attributable to the state.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">1.4
States Parties are responsible in relation to the acts of non-state actors if
the State Party fails to meet its obligation to take all reasonable measures to
prevent, as well as to investigate, prosecute, punish and provide reparations
for acts or omissions by non-state actors which acts of violence against older
persons and abuse and neglect of older persons.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">State obligations<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">2.
States Parties shall take appropriate legislative and administrative and other
appropriate measures to prevent violence, abuse and neglect of older persons in
public and private settings by, inter alia:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Raising awareness
of, and sensitising society to, the different forms of violence, abuse and
neglect in older age and how to identify and prevent them.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Putting in place
effective legislation and policies to ensure all forms of violence, abuse and
neglect are identified, investigated and redressed<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Ensuring that
measures to prevent violence, abuse and neglect are proportionate and
compatible with the right to autonomy and independence<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Allocating
sufficient resources for effective implementation<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Providing
information to and raising awareness of older persons of their rights <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Providing training
for all care and support providers, including family and other informal care and
support providers, and other service providers, including law enforcement<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Ensuring a system
of appropriate needs assessment and monitoring in all situations of care and
support<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Ensuring that all
facilities and programmes designed to serve older persons are effectively
monitored by independent authorities<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Ensuring a
comprehensive violence protection policy in all care and support settings,
regardless of whether care and support is provided by state or non-state bodies.
This shall include training of providers, a complaints system, protection of
those reporting violence, and interventions procedures<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Paying specific
attention to the intersectional and other determinants of violence, abuse and
neglect.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">3.
States Parties shall ensure timely and effective access by older persons to a
range of support services for victims, survivors and persons at risk of
violence, abuse and neglect, including but not limited to:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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medical, social, psychosocial, rehabilitative and legal services<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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information about available support and services<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Access to
appropriate support services for victims, survivors and persons at risk.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">4
States Parties shall ensure timely access by older persons to effective
remedies and redress by taking appropriate measures which include but which are
not limited to:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Investigating
violations effectively, promptly, thoroughly and impartially and, where
appropriate, taking action against those allegedly responsible in accordance
with domestic and international law<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Providing older
persons who claim to be victims of violence, abuse and neglect with equal and
effective access to justice, irrespective of who may ultimately be the bearer
of responsibility for the violation<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Ensuring timely access
by older persons to support, where necessary, to make autonomous decisions
about reporting acts of violence, abuse and neglect <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Providing
effective remedies to victims and survivors, including reparation. Criminal
justice responses, criminal offences and sentencing practices shall reflect the
aggravated nature of offences against older persons. Prosecutorial action and compensatory
damages shall not be limited by older age. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">5.
States Parties shall undertake to collect, disaggregate, analyse, utilise and
make public at regular intervals appropriate information and statistical data
on all forms of violence, abuse and neglect for all age cohorts. This shall take
intersectionality into account and include prevalence and trends, risk factors,
perpetrators, access to support services and effective remedies and redress. The
process of all information collection, and research and use of statistics shall
comply with internationally accepted norms and ethical principles.<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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Israel (Issi) Doronhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07767906329448579531noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7370637966747998585.post-3575923448856498922018-05-30T07:24:00.000-07:002018-05-30T07:26:05.881-07:00Long Term Care and Palliative Care - Joint Submission to the OEWG<div dir="rtl" style="text-align: right;" trbidi="on">
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<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Joint submission by AGE Platform
Europe, HelpAge International, The Law in the Service of the Elderly and the National
Association of Community Legal Centres Australia<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Open-Ended Working Group On Ageing,
9<sup>th</sup> Working Session, 23-26 July 2018<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Long-term
care and palliative care <o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Authors</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">This joint submission is authored by </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Robin Allen
(Cloisters), Andrew Byrnes (Australian Human Rights Institute, Faculty of Law,
University of New South Wales), Israel (Issi) Doron (University of Haifa), Nena
Georgantzi (AGE Platform Europe / National University of Ireland Galway), Bill
Mitchell (National Association of Community Legal Centres, Australia) and
Bridget Sleap (HelpAge International). Our views do not necessarily reflect the
broad and consensual positions of the organisations we represent, which will be
submitted separately.<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Context
of Response<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">This
response addresses the guiding questions from a global perspective. It is an
executive summary of a more comprehensive statement which will be provided to
the 9<sup>th</sup> Working Session<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">.</span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Guiding Question 1:
Long-term care<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Living
independently at any stage of life means the provision of all necessary support
to enable one to make decisions, perform actions of daily living and
participate in society in accordance with one’s will and preferences. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Support
is the act of providing help or assistance to someone who requires it to carry
out daily activities and participate in society.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Knowledge about, access to and choice and
control over the support necessary to be able to live according to one’s will
and preferences is central to autonomy, dignity, and independence in older age.<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">There
is no specific right to support for independent living in older age in
international human rights law. A wide range of general provisions in
international human rights law are pertinent in long-term care settings but
their specific application in this area has yet to be fully explored. Article
19 of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities 2006, which
explicitly guarantees the right to independent living for persons with disabilities
and includes provision of support services to enable such independent living,
applies only to older persons with disabilities. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Some
regional human rights standards recognise care and support for independent
living in older age. However, these vary and are inconsistent across regions.<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Guiding Question 2<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Older
persons’ choice and control over the support they require is often limited or
denied within current systems of long-term care. Support options available may
serve the system rather than the individual user’s needs and preferences.
Support is also often unavailable and may not be guaranteed under the law. Some
types of support, for example, personal assistance schemes, may be subject to
upper age limits and therefore not available to older persons. Support may also
be unaffordable or tied to particular living arrangements. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">The
use of restrictive practices to manage behaviour in long-term care and support
settings, including within in-home care settings, is a particular concern. </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Common forms of restrictive practice
in long term care include: detention (e.g. locking a person in a room or ward
indefinitely); seclusion (e.g. locking a person in a room or ward for a limited
period of time); physical restraint (e.g. clasping a person’s hands or feet or
mis-use of equipment to stop them from moving); mechanical restraint (e.g.
tying a person to a chair or bed); and chemical restraint (e.g. giving a person
sedatives or other unnecessary medication to restrict or subdue behaviour).</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"> These
practices amount to violations of human rights.<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">9.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Isolation, social exclusion, segregation and
loneliness can affect older persons regardless of their particular living
arrangements. </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Guiding Question 3<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">10.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Explicit,
legally binding international human rights standards are needed on older
persons’ right to affordable, appropriate, integrated, quality, timely,
holistic, care and support services which are adapted to their individual
needs, promote and protect their well-being and maintain their autonomy,
dignity, and independence, without discrimination of any kind.<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">11.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">The
right should extend to the provision of care and support services in all
settings, public and private, including but not limited to in the home, in the
community, and in residential settings. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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persons should have the right to the care and support services they require
independent of and unrelated to the income of their family members.<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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should take steps to ensure, inter alia, older persons:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Enjoy autonomy and
independence in the exercise of this right<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Are able to participate
fully in the community and society<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Have access to
effective complaints and redress mechanisms<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Have access to
information about their health status and care and support services<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">14.
States should ensure that standards, professionalism, and quality of care and support
services are in line with human rights principles. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">15.
States should ensure that older persons are not denied necessary and
appropriate care and support services based on their and/or their family’s
financial means. States should develop and implement policies to address public
and private financing of care and support services. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">16.
States should ensure effective compliance mechanisms for complaints arising out
of a range of issues including pricing, quality, and the protection of human
rights in care and support.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Guiding Question
5: Palliative care<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">17.
Palliative care is an approach that seeks to improve the quality of life of
patients diagnosed with life-threatening illnesses through prevention and
relief of suffering. It also addresses the psychosocial, legal and spiritual
aspects associated with life-threatening illnesses and end-of-life care.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">18.
While existing international human rights treaties do not specify a right to
palliative care, there is a growing body of authoritative interpretations and
“soft law” that establishes this right. Access to palliative care is both a
component of the right to the highest attainable standard of health and
implicates the right to freedom from torture, cruel, inhuman and degrading
treatment.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">19.
Some regional human rights standards recognise the right to palliative care.
However, these vary and are inconsistent across regions. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">20.
International human rights standards are needed on older persons’ right to
quality palliative care services that are available, accessible, and acceptable
without discrimination of any kind.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">21.
The right should apply to holistic palliative care in all settings and should not
be limited to pain relief or any particular treatment or setting.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">22.
States should take steps to ensure, inter alia:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Quality palliative
care services are available, accessible and acceptable for older persons in a
setting consistent with their needs, will and preferences, including at home
and in long-term care settings<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Availability and
accessibility of essential medicines, including internationally controlled
essential medicines, for the treatment of moderate to severe pain, and for palliative
care of older persons<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">A range of
supports to exercise legal capacity, including the appointment of one or more
trusted persons to assist them to make decisions based on their instructions,
will and preferences, and the opportunity to make advanced directives, living
wills and other legally binding documents that set out their will and
preferences around medical interventions, palliative care and other support and
care at the end of life<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: black; font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Older persons are
able to express their free, prior and informed consent to their palliative care
treatment and any other health matters<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Regulation and
monitoring of compliance of all palliative care providers with professional
obligations and standards. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Israel (Issi) Doronhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07767906329448579531noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7370637966747998585.post-45911573700641760062018-05-07T15:11:00.000-07:002018-05-07T15:11:07.377-07:00Equality and Non-Discrimination - Submission to the OEWG<div dir="rtl" style="text-align: right;" trbidi="on">
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<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Joint submission by AGE Platform
Europe, HelpAge International, The Law in the Service of the Elderly and the
National Association of Community Legal Centres Australia<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Open-Ended Working Group On Ageing,
9<sup>th</sup> Working Session, 23-26 July 2018<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Normative
content on the right of older persons to equality and non-discrimination<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Authors</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">This joint submission is authored by </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Robin
Allen (Cloisters), Andrew Byrnes (Australian Human Rights Institute, Faculty of
Law, University of New South Wales), Israel (Issi) Doron (University of Haifa),
Nena Georgantzi (AGE Platform Europe / National University of Ireland Galway), Dee
Masters (Cloisters), Bill Mitchell (National Association of Community Legal
Centres, Australia) and Bridget Sleap (HelpAge International). Our views do not
necessarily reflect the broad and consensual positions of the organisations we
represent, which will be submitted separately.<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Definition of
discrimination<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Discrimination
against older persons is understood as any differential treatment, including
but not limited to any distinction, exclusion, restriction or preference based
directly or indirectly on age or any other ground, which has the purpose or
effect of impairing or nullifying the recognition, enjoyment or exercise, on an
equal basis with others, of all human rights and fundamental freedoms in the
political, economic, social, cultural, civil or any other field.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Affirmation of the
right <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">1.
Older persons have the right to equality and freedom from discrimination on the
basis of their age or on any other ground, alone or in combination with another
ground or grounds.<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Scope of the right<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">1.1
The prohibition of, and guarantee of legal protection against, discrimination against
older persons shall apply to every aspect of life without limitation.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">1.2 The right shall engage </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">all forms of
discrimination against older persons including direct, indirect, by
association, by perception or imputation, incitement, vilification, victimization,
harassment and denial of reasonable accommodation.</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">1.3
Specific measures which are necessary to accelerate or achieve de facto
equality of older persons shall not be considered discrimination.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">1.4
The grounds upon which intersectional and cumulative discrimination may occur
shall be comprehensive.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">State obligations<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">2.
States Parties shall undertake: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">2.1
To take all appropriate measures, including legislation, to modify or abolish
existing laws, regulations, customs and practices that constitute
discrimination against older persons;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">2.2 To take all
appropriate steps to ensure formal and substantive equality of older persons,
including but not limited to a duty to consider the differential impact of all
their decisions, in particular age-based policies, on older persons; </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">2.3
To prohibit and take all steps to eliminate intersectional discrimination, namely
the combined effect of age and another personal characteristic or the combined
effect of any two or more characteristics;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">2.4
To prohibit and take all steps to eliminate cumulative discrimination and
victimisation, namely discrimination and or victimization on a number of
occasions over time and or from multiple sources;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">2.5
To take all appropriate measures to ensure protection for particular groups of
older persons who suffer discrimination and denial of rights on heightened or
systemic basis and/or as a common experience;</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">2.6
To take all appropriate steps to eliminate discrimination against an individual
and any ageist institutional, systemic or structural practices which affect the
human dignity of older persons; <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">2.7
To take all appropriate steps to eliminate harmful ageist social norms and
practices, including traditional practices, which affect the human rights and
dignity of older persons;<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">2.8
To ensure the access of older persons to tailored and comprehensive assistance
in making claims and accessing justice;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">2.9
To ensure the access of older persons to redress and reparation for age
discrimination, including where appropriate taking cumulative discrimination
into account in any award of damages;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">2.10
To adopt immediate, effective and appropriate measures to promote information,
research and public awareness around equality and non-discrimination against
older persons, inter alia, by:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Raising awareness
of the rights, capacities and contribution of older persons <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Countering any
discriminatory systemic ageist perceptions of, and practices towards, older
persons <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Promoting
awareness of the benefits of age equality and of investing in older age <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Promoting a
positive image of ageing<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Undertaking or
promoting research on ageing and on issues particularly affecting older persons,
and ensuring data is collected, disaggregated, analysed, utilised and
disseminated by all ages, and take into account intersectionality <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Providing
accessible, appropriate information to older persons on their rights and
entitlement to benefits and resources<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Engaging and
making older persons partners and active participants in shaping social
policies and public programmes which relate to their rights and interests<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 10.0pt;">Promoting
intergenerational interactions and solidarity.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Israel (Issi) Doronhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07767906329448579531noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7370637966747998585.post-14874861505650127692018-04-24T07:35:00.000-07:002018-04-24T07:37:03.273-07:00Joint Submission to the 9th OEWG Open Ended Working Group on Ageing - Autonomy and Independence<div dir="rtl" style="text-align: right;" trbidi="on">
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<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Joint submission by AGE Platform
Europe, HelpAge International, The Law in the Service of the Elderly and the
National Association of Community Legal Centres Australia<a href="file:///C:/Users/idoron/Downloads/Joint%20submission%20Autonomy%20and%20independence%20April%202018%20(%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%99%20%D7%93%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9F).docx#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%;">[1]</span></b></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Open-Ended Working Group On
Ageing, 9<sup>th</sup> Working Session, 23-26 July 2018<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Autonomy
and independence<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Authors</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">This joint submission is authored by </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Robin Allen
(Cloisters), Andrew Byrnes (Australian Human Rights Institute, Faculty of Law,
University of New South Wales), Israel (Issi) Doron (University of Haifa), Nena
Georgantzi (AGE Platform Europe / National University of Ireland Galway), Bill
Mitchell (National Association of Community Legal Centres, Australia) and
Bridget Sleap (HelpAge International). Our views do not necessarily reflect the
broad and consensual positions of the organisations we represent, which will be
submitted separately.<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Context
of Response<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; text-decoration: none;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">This response addresses the guiding questions from a global perspective.
It is an executive summary of a more comprehensive statement which will be
provided to the 9<sup>th</sup> working session.</span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Guiding Question 1<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";">Autonomy is the ability to make
choices and decisions, including with support if necessary, according to one’s
conscience, values, will and preferences.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif";">Independence is the ability to
perform actions of daily living and participate in society in accordance with
one’s will, values and preferences.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" dir="ltr" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.25in; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Whilst
the right to equal recognition before the law and the right to a family and
private life are enshrined in international human rights law, there are no
explicit standards on autonomy and independence in older age in international
human rights law. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Some
regional human rights standards recognise the right to autonomy and
independence in older age. However, these vary and are inconsistent across
regions.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Guiding Question
2</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" dir="ltr" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.25in; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Autonomy
is both an underlying principle that governs every human right and a right in
and of itself. The principle of autonomy presumes that individuals are able to
make choices according to their own will and preferences. In order to make
autonomous decisions, and for these decisions to be legally effective, the law
requires that the individual has the legal capacity to do so.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>To enjoy their right to autonomy, therefore,
older persons must enjoy legal capacity and equal recognition before the law on
an equal basis with others. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" dir="ltr" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.25in; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Independence
does not necessarily mean living alone or carrying out all daily activities by
or for oneself. Rather independence is having choice and control over decisions
about one’s own life, including control over decisions which lead to the
execution of tasks that someone else carries out. To enjoy their right to
independence, older persons must enjoy their right to care and support for
independent living. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Guiding Question
3</span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">9.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Older
persons are subjected to ageist attitudes that devalue, discount or ignore
their views and choices, or assume they can no longer make, and are thereby
denied the opportunity to make, decisions for themselves.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">10.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Older
persons may be denied their autonomy and independence in any aspect of life
including decisions about their care and support services; leisure time;
property; income; finances; place of residence and living arrangements;
personal, family and private life, including sexual and intimate relationships;
and political participation. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">11.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Concerns
have also emerged around the denial of older persons’ free and informed consent
in areas such as medical treatment, restrictive interventions and practices,
and end of life care and treatment.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">12.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">A
paradigm shift is required away from this and to the presumption that older
persons can exercise their autonomy and independence through choice and control
over decisions in their lives in line with their will and preferences. The best
safeguard for autonomy, independence and legal capacity is respect for will and
preferences. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">13.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">This
paradigm shift requires us also to change the social construction of human
dignity in older age whereby dignity in older age is not centred around
protection, intervention and professional care in the ‘best interest’ of the
older person. Rather, dignity in older age means respecting autonomy and
ensuring independence in older age. The use of the ‘best interests’ principle
in respect of adults is not a safeguard that complies with international human
rights norms. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Guiding Question
5<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">14.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">International
human rights standards are needed on older persons’ right to freedom of
personal autonomy and legal capacity to make decisions, to determine their life
plans and to lead autonomous and independent lives in line with their will and
preferences and on an equal basis with others. This includes the right to have
those decisions respected.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">15.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">The
right should apply to all aspects of life. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">16.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">The
right should include the right to:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Interact with
others and full, effective and meaningful participation in family, social,
cultural, economic, public and political life and educational and training
activities<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Live
independently in the community on an equal basis with others (More detail on
the right to care and support for independent living is included in our
submission on long-term care.)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Choose where,
with whom, and how to live their lives and not to be obliged to live in any
particular living arrangement. When older persons choose to live in shared
residential settings, their rights to autonomy and independence must be
respected.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">17.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Standards
are also needed on the right of older persons to legal capacity at all times
and the right to equal recognition before the law on an equal basis with
others.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">18.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">The
right should apply to all aspects of life. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">19.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">The
right should include the right to: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Designate one or
more trusted persons to assist them to make decisions based on their
instructions, will and preferences <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Make advance
directives to express their will and preferences in advance<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Participate in,
and challenge, any decisions that interfere with the exercise of their legal
capacity.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoFootnoteText">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/idoron/Downloads/Joint%20submission%20Autonomy%20and%20independence%20April%202018%20(%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%99%20%D7%93%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9F).docx#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title=""></a><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 9.0pt;">*</span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 9.0pt;"> For
further information contact Bridget Sleap </span><span lang="EN-GB"><a href="mailto:bsleap@helpage.org"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 9.0pt;">bsleap@helpage.org</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 9.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Israel (Issi) Doronhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07767906329448579531noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7370637966747998585.post-84511941737435533312018-03-15T20:57:00.000-07:002018-03-15T20:57:12.604-07:00The Journal of International Aging, Law & PolicyDespite of its importance, the field of global and international elder law receives relatively limited attention on the academic sphere. Moreover, there aren't many law journals who specialize in this field or publish law journal articles that focus on international and comparative perspectives of elder law.<br />
May be the single law journal in this field which dedicated it self from its origins to promote this field is the Journal of International Aging Law & Policy, based at Stetson University College of Law.<br />
<br />
The journal was originally inaugurated in 2005, in cooperation with AARP, and after holding a first-of-its kind international conference on elder law with leading scholars from around the world.<br />
<br />
Today, the journal is headed by Prof. Roberta K. Flowers, who is the co-director of the Center for Excellence in Elder Law in Stetson University and Jessica K. Close.<br />
<br />
Just to take an example from the Fall 2016 issue, here are some examples of excellent scholarly writings that provide an importance international legal perspective on global elder law:<br />
<br />
An article on the topic of: "Adult Guardianship in Taiwan: A Focus on Guardian Financial
Decision-Making and the Family’s Role", by Sieh-chuen Huang;<br />
<br />
An article on the topic of: "To be, or not to be: A Global Perspective on Physician-Assisted
Suicide", by Jennifer Tindell;<br />
<br />
Or an article on the topic of: "Korean Guardianship as a Policy for the Protection of Adults with
Impaired Decision-Making Abilities", by Cheol Ung Je.<br />
<br />
These are only a few examples of the rich academic and scholarly writings which appear in this excellent law journal. And most importantly, all the article are accessible, free, on line, through the web, at the journal's <a href="http://www.stetson.edu/law/agingjournal/" target="_blank">web-site</a>:<br />
http://www.stetson.edu/law/agingjournal/<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
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<br />Israel (Issi) Doronhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07767906329448579531noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7370637966747998585.post-4626967602488257932018-01-30T13:47:00.002-08:002018-01-30T13:47:58.250-08:00The right of older persons to dignity and autonomy in care<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Dr. </span><em style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #161616; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 15px;">Nils Muižnieks, </em><span style="color: #403f42;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Commissioner for Human</span></span><span style="color: #403f42; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> Rights
for the Council of Europe,</span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> has recently published a new comment on "</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #161616; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The right of older persons to dignity and autonomy in care".</span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #161616;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The comment stresses that within the context of long term care: </span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #161616; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 15px;">"It is urgent for member states to thoroughly review, with the participation of older persons, their approach to long-term care in order to make it more human rights-based, including in the light of the Revised Social Charter (by accepting Article 23 if they have not yet done so), the 2014 Recommendation of the Committee of Ministers, and the 2017 Resolution of the PACE."</span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #161616; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 15px;">The comment continues to reiterate that:</span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #161616; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 15px;">"In addition to providing the resources such a system requires to be accessible and affordable, states must also take account of the training needs of care professionals, as well as of informal caregivers, and ensure that the choices for older persons are maximised, for example when they wish to live in their home, while preventing social isolation."</span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #161616; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 15px;">Specifically, within the context of the right to palliative care, the comment states that:</span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #161616; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 15px;">The importance of palliative care as an integral part of health services and its denial as a human rights violation are being increasingly recognised at the international level. Special Rapporteurs of the UN on Torture and on Health stated that the denial of pain relief causing severe pain and suffering may amount to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment. </span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #161616; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 15px;">See the full comment <a href="https://www.coe.int/en/web/commissioner/-/the-right-of-older-persons-to-dignity-and-autonomy-in-care" target="_blank">here</a>.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #161616; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"><br /></span>Israel (Issi) Doronhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07767906329448579531noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7370637966747998585.post-1375789465416538332018-01-09T07:24:00.001-08:002018-01-09T07:24:45.113-08:00AGE Platform Europe Older Persons' Self Advocacy HandbookOne thing is to talk about promoting the human rights of older persons.<br />
Another thing is to actually get involved and active in promoting these rights in real world.<br />
One of the most important European (and global) NGOs which actually do ground work with promoting awareness and action in this field is AGA Platform Europe.<br />
Here is its press release on the topic as well as the link to the handbook:<br />
<br />
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 16.1px; margin-bottom: 10px;">
On 10 December, (2017) AGE launches the full version of its online <a href="http://publications.age-platform.eu/" target="_blank">'<em style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #337ab7; text-decoration-line: none;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Older Persons' Self-Advocacy Handbook</strong></em><span style="color: #337ab7;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">', </span></span></a>which empowers older people to better know their human rights and to claim them.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 16.1px; margin-bottom: 10px;">
With this handbook, we aims to support the involvement of older persons in all processes that affect their human rights at the United Nations, Council of Europe and European Union levels. This publication describes concrete ways on how older people can refer to human rights to influence government policies and measures, so as to be empowered, as self-advocates and through their representative organisations, to voice their concerns and expectations and drive positive change in their everyday lives. It can also be used by different stakeholders, promotes a human-rights based approach in ageing policy at all levels.</div>
Israel (Issi) Doronhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07767906329448579531noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7370637966747998585.post-16176535007160027212017-12-12T09:50:00.000-08:002017-12-12T09:50:14.947-08:00ILO World Social Protection Report 2017In recent days, the ILO - International Labour Organization, has published its new report on "World Social Protection". <a href="http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---dgreports/---dcomm/---publ/documents/publication/wcms_604882.pdf" target="_blank">See:</a><br />
<a href="http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---dgreports/---dcomm/---publ/documents/publication/wcms_604882.pdf">http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---dgreports/---dcomm/---publ/documents/publication/wcms_604882.pdf</a><br />
<br />
This important report has a special section regarding the "Social Protection for Older Women and Men".<br />
Here are the key messages of this report regarding older persons:<br />
<br />
KEY MESSAGES<br />
Pensions for older women and men are the most widespread form of social protection in
the world, and a key element in SDG 1.3. At the global level, 68 per cent of people above
retirement age receive a pension, either contributory or non-contributory.<br />
<br />
Significant progress has been made in extending pension system coverage in developing
countries. Universal pensions have been developed in Argentina, Belarus, the Plurinational
State of Bolivia, Botswana, Cabo Verde, China, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Lesotho, Maldives,
Mauritius, Mongolia, Namibia, Seychelles, South Africa, Swaziland, Timor-Leste, Trinidad
and Tobago, Ukraine, Uruguay, Uzbekistan and Zanzibar (United Republic of Tanzania).
Other developing countries, such as Azerbaijan, Armenia, Brazil, Chile, Kazakhstan and
Thailand, are near universality.<br />
<br />
However, the right to social protection of older persons is not yet a reality for many. In most
low-income countries, less than 20 per cent of older persons over statutory retirement age
receive a pension. In many developing countries, a large proportion of older persons still
depend heavily on family support arrangements.<br />
<br />
Observed trends vary substantially across regions and even between countries within the
same region. In countries with comprehensive and mature systems of social protection, with
ageing populations, the main challenge is to maintain a good balance between financial sustainability
and pension adequacy. At the other extreme, many countries around the world are
still struggling to extend and finance their pension systems; these countries face structural
barriers linked to development, high levels of informality, low contributory capacity, poverty
and insufficient fiscal space, among others.<br />
<br />
A noticeable trend in developing countries is the proliferation of non-contributory pensions,
including universal social pensions. This is very positive, particularly in countries with high
levels of informality, facing difficulties in extending contributory schemes. Trends show that
many countries are succeeding in introducing a universal floor of income security for older
persons.<br />
<br />
Public schemes, based on solidarity and collective financing, are by far the most widespread
form of old-age protection globally. Pension privatization policies, implemented in the past
in a number of countries, did not deliver the expected results, as coverage and benefits did
not increase, systemic risks were transferred to individuals and fiscal positions worsened. As
a result, a number of countries are reversing privatization measures and returning to public
solidarity-based systems.<br />
<br />
Recent austerity or fiscal consolidation trends are affecting the adequacy of pension systems
and general conditions of retirement. In several countries, these reforms are putting at risk
the fulfilment of the minimum standards in social security, and eroding the social contract.
Countries should be cautious when designing reforms to ensure that pension systems fulfil
their mission of providing economic security to older persons.<br />
<br />Israel (Issi) Doronhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07767906329448579531noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7370637966747998585.post-52543444586902323932017-11-08T08:08:00.000-08:002017-11-08T08:08:53.732-08:00 WHO - World Health Organization 13th General Programme of Work - Need for Action<div style="background-color: white; color: #212121; font-family: wf_segoe-ui_normal, "Segoe UI", "Segoe WP", Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif, serif, EmojiFont; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif, serif, EmojiFont; font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif, serif, EmojiFont; font-size: medium;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">Spreading the call from action received from IFA - the International Federation on Aging:</span></span></span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; color: #212121; font-family: wf_segoe-ui_normal, "Segoe UI", "Segoe WP", Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif, serif, EmojiFont; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif, serif, EmojiFont; font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif, serif, EmojiFont; font-size: medium;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">The World Health Organization has just published its draft of the 13th General Programme of Work </span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif, serif, EmojiFont; font-size: 14pt;">(GPW13) (see attached). </span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; color: #212121; font-family: wf_segoe-ui_normal, "Segoe UI", "Segoe WP", Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif, serif, EmojiFont; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif, serif, EmojiFont; font-size: 14pt;"> It is shocking to note that ‘ageing’ does not factor in the draft and unless there are strong voices from NGOs, academics and member states in the field stating that this is unacceptable any progress which has been made in the recent past will dwindle once again. </span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; color: #212121; font-family: wf_segoe-ui_normal, "Segoe UI", "Segoe WP", Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif, serif, EmojiFont; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif, serif, EmojiFont; font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif, serif, EmojiFont; font-size: medium;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;"> </span></span></span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; color: #212121; font-family: wf_segoe-ui_normal, "Segoe UI", "Segoe WP", Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif, serif, EmojiFont; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif, serif, EmojiFont; font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif, serif, EmojiFont; font-size: medium;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">It is strongly recommended that as many organisations / experts / interested people in this field write to register their </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif, serif, EmojiFont; font-size: medium;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><u>strongest</u></span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif, serif, EmojiFont; font-size: medium;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;"> possible concern in a succinct way </span></span><a href="http://www.who.int/about/gpw-thirteen-consultation/en/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif, serif, EmojiFont; font-size: medium;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="color: windowtext;">http://www.who.int/about/gpw-thirteen-consultation/en/</span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif, serif, EmojiFont; font-size: medium;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">. IFA is reaching out far and wide and would appreciate efforts through your networks – we must stand together!</span></span></span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; color: #212121; font-family: wf_segoe-ui_normal, "Segoe UI", "Segoe WP", Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif, serif, EmojiFont; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif, serif, EmojiFont; font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, sans-serif, serif, EmojiFont; font-size: medium;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;"> </span></span></span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; color: #212121; font-family: wf_segoe-ui_normal, "Segoe UI", "Segoe WP", Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif, serif, EmojiFont; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif, serif, EmojiFont; font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, sans-serif, serif, EmojiFont; font-size: medium;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">Detailed feedback is not what is needed but rather many leading voices noting that the total absence of work on ageing considering the incredible demographic shift is </span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, sans-serif, serif, EmojiFont; font-size: medium;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><u>absolutely unacceptable</u></span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial, sans-serif, serif, EmojiFont; font-size: medium;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;"> and will impact current and future generations</span></span></span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; color: #212121; font-family: wf_segoe-ui_normal, "Segoe UI", "Segoe WP", Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif, serif, EmojiFont; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif, serif, EmojiFont; font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="color: red; font-family: Arial, sans-serif, serif, EmojiFont; font-size: medium;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">Comments must be in by 15</span></span><span style="color: red; font-family: Arial, sans-serif, serif, EmojiFont;"><sup>th</sup></span><span style="color: red; font-family: Arial, sans-serif, serif, EmojiFont; font-size: medium;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;"> November</span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif, serif, EmojiFont; font-size: medium;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">, </span></span></span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; margin: 0px;">
<span style="color: #212121; font-family: Arial, sans-serif, serif, EmojiFont; font-size: 18.6667px;"><a href="http://www.who.int/about/gpw-thirteen-consultation/en/">http://www.who.int/about/gpw-thirteen-consultation/en/</a></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; margin: 0px;">
<span style="color: #212121; font-family: Arial, sans-serif, serif, EmojiFont; font-size: 18.6667px;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif, serif, EmojiFont; font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif, serif, EmojiFont; font-size: medium;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;"> </span></span></span></span></div>
Israel (Issi) Doronhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07767906329448579531noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7370637966747998585.post-24524142662866910952017-10-23T20:47:00.003-07:002017-10-23T20:47:58.463-07:00MIPAA 3rd Review and Appraisal - Lisbon Ministerial Conference on Ageing - September 2017MIPAA, the Madrid International Plan of Action on Aging of 2002, which was adopted by the 2nd World Assembly on Ageing, is still the leading policy document in the field of aging - on the global level.<br />
Unlike VIPAA, the Vienna plan of action of 1982, MIPAA introduced a review and appraisal process in order to follow up its implementation evaluate its impact. The first review of MIPAA concluded in 2008, and the second review concluded in 2013.<br />
In 2015 the third review started and it will be concluded in 2018.<br />
During the month of September this year a Ministerial Conference on Ageing: A Sustainable Society for All Ages: Realizing the Potential of Living Longer - in Lisbon, Portugal.<br />
This meeting was very constructive and with various documents submitted and produced, including NGOs forum and declarations.<br />
Here is the link to the <a href="http://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/pau/age/Ministerial_Conference_Lisbon/Documents/2017_Lisbon_Ministerial_Declaration.pdf" target="_blank">Ministerial Declaration</a><br />
http://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/pau/age/Ministerial_Conference_Lisbon/Documents/2017_Lisbon_Ministerial_Declaration.pdf<br />
This is yet another development - slow - but yet dynamic movement which eventually will mature to a new convention for human rights of older persons.....Israel (Issi) Doronhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07767906329448579531noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7370637966747998585.post-25193237755027308352017-10-06T21:03:00.001-07:002017-10-06T21:03:05.649-07:00IOPHRI - International Human Rights Index for Older Persons<span style="background-color: white; color: #505050; font-family: NexusSansWebPro; font-size: 16px;">Since the nineteenth century, the world’s population of older persons has increased dramatically. Older persons now comprise nearly twenty percent of the world’s population, and will likely comprise nearly thirty percent of it by 2040. Because of this increase, there has been a surge of interest in the development of Composite Indicators aimed at measuring the well-being of older persons. However, there has not yet been an effort to create an index that attempts to measure, compare, and evaluate the rights of older persons on a global-scale. In a recent Article, Professor Doron and Dr. Spanier justify the need for, and the process of developing, an index which looks at these rights. Their index is to be named the International Older Persons’ Human Rights Index, or “IOPHRI”, and it will be the first of its kind.</span><br />
For the full text of the article and index and for a real life example of the operation of this index see the following <a href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2916577" target="_blank">link:</a><br />
https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2916577<br />
<br />Israel (Issi) Doronhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07767906329448579531noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7370637966747998585.post-21326314656486472292017-09-21T14:16:00.001-07:002017-09-21T14:16:08.281-07:00Do older women have the right to sex? The Case of Carvalho Pinto de Sousa Morais v. Portugal - ECoHRElder rights as such are not part of the European Convention on Human Rights. However, through different other articles of the European Convention for Human Rights, throughout the year, the European Court of Human Rights has addressed and promoted (but sometimes restrained) the development of human rights of older persons.<br />
In a recent decision (25 July 2017), the ECoHR made an interesting decision, which touches upon both sexism and ageism as well.<br />
The short facts of the facts were as follows:<br />
The applicant was born in 1945. In December 1993 the applicant became a patient at the gynaecology department of the Alfredo da Costa Maternity Hospital. On 9 December 1993 the applicant was diagnosed with bartholinitis, a gynaecological disease. She started treatment, and On 21 May 1995 the applicant was admitted to the CHLC for a surgical procedure and on 22 May 1995 the applicant had both glands, on the left and right sides of the vagina, removed. On an unknown date after being discharged, the applicant began to experience intense pain and a loss of sensation in the vagina. She also suffered from urinary incontinence, had difficulty sitting and walking, and could not have sexual relations. Later on, the applicant was informed after being examined at a private clinic that the left pudendal nerve had been injured during the operation.<br />
On 26 April 2000 the applicant brought a civil action with the Lisbon Administrative Court against the CHLC under the State Liability Act seeking damages of approximately 325,050 euros (EUR), of which PTE 50,000,000 (EUR 249,399) was in respect of non-pecuniary damage owing to the physical disability caused by the operation.<br />
As to the merits, the Lisbon Administrative Court found that the surgeon had acted recklessly by not fulfilling his objective duty of care, in breach of leges artis, and established that there was a causal link between his conduct and the injury to the applicant’s left pudendal nerve. The Lisbon Administrative Court also established that it was that injury which caused her, among other problems, the pain and loss of sensation in the vagina and urinary incontinence. As a consequence, she had difficulty walking, sitting and having sexual relations which, all together, made her feel diminished as a woman. Consequently, the applicant was also depressed, had suicidal thoughts and avoided contact with members of her family and friends. For those reasons the Lisbon Administrative Court considered that the applicant should be awarded EUR 80,000 compensation for non-pecuniary damage. As for pecuniary damage, the Lisbon Administrative Court granted EUR 92,000, of which EUR 16,000 was for the services of a maid the applicant had had to hire to help her with household tasks.<br />
This decision was appealed, and for the purposes of this short summary, the following text of the Appeal court's decision as to reduce the damages:<br />
"<b><span style="color: red;">Additionally, it should not be forgotten that at the time of the operation the plaintiff was already 50 years old and had two children, that is, an age when sex is not as important as in younger years, its significance diminishing with age."</span></b><br />
In light of this justification for the reduction of the damages - the application was made to the ECoHR. The relevant articles were Article 8 (re the right to private and family life); and Article 14 (re anti discrimination).<br />
We will not get into all of the ECoHR discussion and considerations, but will focus on its references to the justification re the age of the applicant:<br />
<br />
<span style="color: blue;">The Court acknowledges that in deciding claims related to non-pecuniary damage within the framework of liability proceedings, domestic courts may be called upon to consider the age of claimants, as in the instant case. The question at issue here is not considerations of age or sex as such, but rather the assumption that sexuality is not as important for a fifty-year-old woman and mother of two children as for someone of a younger age. That assumption reflects a traditional idea of female sexuality as being essentially linked to child-bearing purposes and thus ignores its physical and psychological relevance for the self-fulfillment of women as people. Apart from being, in a way, judgmental, it omitted to take into consideration other dimensions of women’s sexuality in the concrete case of the applicant. In other words, in the instant case the Supreme Administrative Court made a general assumption without attempting to look at its validity in the concrete case of the applicant herself, who was fifty at the time of the operation at issue.</span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: blue;">In the Court’s view, the wording of the Supreme Administrative Court’s judgment when reducing the amount of compensation in respect of non-pecuniary damage cannot be regarded as an unfortunate turn of phrase, as asserted by the Government....</span><br />
<span style="color: blue;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: blue;">In the Court’s view, those considerations show the prejudices prevailing in the judiciary in Portugal , as pointed out in the report of 29 June 2015 by the UN Human Rights Council’s Special Rapporteur on the Independence of Judges and Lawyers .... They also confirm the observations and concerns expressed by the Permanent Observatory on Portuguese Justice regarding the prevailing sexism within judicial institutions in its report of November 2006 about domestic violence (see paragraph 29 above).</span><br />
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In light of these justifications and more, the ECoHR found that there has been a violation of Article 14 (taken in conjunction with Article 8).<br />
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However, this case is of much importance regarding how the different judges reflect not only about sexism (the discrimination of the applicant based her gender), but about ageism (to what extent age was a justifiable reasoning).<br />
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In general, it should be noted, that ageism is almost "non-existent" in the ECoHR reasoning. If it was not for the feminist ideology, it seems that the legal result would have been different. It is highly expressed in the minority opinion of judges Ravarani and Bosnjak, which base their dissent on the argument that age classification is justified for the purposes of damages, and hence, this justifies the outcome of this case as well.<br />
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It is disappointing to see how the ECoHR is still unaware to the concept of ageism and its socio-legal consequences, and it is a about time that this reality would change.<br />
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For more on this topic see for example the following articles:<br />
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https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10823-013-9212-7<br />
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https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2827294<br />
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<br />Israel (Issi) Doronhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07767906329448579531noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7370637966747998585.post-8314655666356107642017-09-07T12:44:00.000-07:002017-09-07T12:44:07.154-07:00Older persons, human rights and assistive and robotics technologyThe inter-relations between technology, human rights and older persons is becoming more and more relevant and of importance. As the technological world recognizes the importance and relevance of the aging of societies, and as more and more technological developments are aimed at older persons - some ethical and social concerns are being raised as to the impact and challenges these developments produce.<br />
I a recent report submitted by the UN Independent Expert on the Enjoyment of Human Rights by Older Persons, Mrs. Rosa Kornfeld-Matte, the IE has addressed some of these issues.<br />
As background ,the IE stresses how:<br />
"....new technologies, including assistive devices, built-in environmental applications and robotics are gaining traction as cost-effective and efficient solutions to the increased need for individualized support for older persons. Such technology can perform simple, routine tasks, such as bringing meals and medications to patients, which will free up human staff who could dedicate themselves more to those elements or parts of care that require human interaction. As their development progresses, those robots begin taking on more and more medical or caregiving tasks and operate increasingly autonomously. For authority to shift from humans to algorithms, their performance only needs to exceed the average human performance."<br />
The IE moves on to describe the legal and policy framework, and describes how:<br />
"There is no specific reference to the right to assistive technology in the United Nations Principles for Older Persons, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights or the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. In the absence of a dedicated instrument on older persons and while not applicable to all older persons, the provisions in the recently adopted Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities offer some guidance as they recognize the importance of access to assistive technology."<br />
Hence, she concludes that:<br />
"It follows from the above that existing normative and policy frameworks have not explored the full potential of adequate and appropriate support that may allow older persons, in particular through assistive and robotics technology, to continue living in the place of their choice without restriction. There is no mention of the use of assistive technology in residential settings, and the few references that exist focus on medical technologies, failing to encompass the full range of devices that can assist older persons to fully participate in society on an equal basis with others."<br />
In light of this background, the IE moves to discuss the ethical and legal implications of robotics and technology, and touches upon key aspects in this complicated field. For example, in the context of robotics v. human care, the IE states that:<br />
Assistive technology cannot substitute for human care. The extent to which it is appropriate to rely on a machine instead of a human will, however vary, depending on the context, task and individual. Based on a human rights-based approach, support should be available as a means to expand opportunities and not as a method of maintenance. Assistive technology should enable human capabilities and enhance human dignity. This aim should be integrated from the conception to the application of assistive devices and robotics."<br />
Undoubtedly, the dilemmas around technology, robotics and aging are going to be at the center of public debates in the coming year. Hence the IE report in this field is a timely and relevant document. See the <a href="http://ap.ohchr.org/documents/dpage_e.aspx?si=A/HRC/36/48" target="_blank">full report:</a><br />
http://ap.ohchr.org/documents/dpage_e.aspx?si=A/HRC/36/48<br />
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<br />Israel (Issi) Doronhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07767906329448579531noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7370637966747998585.post-61321394210401641462017-08-28T13:59:00.001-07:002017-08-28T13:59:50.972-07:00Should we legally regulate older physicians?Around the world, countries are abolishing mandatory retirement laws. And rightfully so: mandating persons to stop working only because of their chronological age - regardless of their personal wishes or their individual abilities - is wrong.<br />
On the other hand, some new challenges develop as an outcome of these legal changes. One of these challenges regards the aging of the medical profession. In specific, the medical profession in many countries has experienced a reality of the aging of its working force. For example, in the US, since 1975, the number of practicing physicians older than 65 years has increased by more than 374%. Taking into account the normal - and non ageist fact - that there is some statistical correlation between older age and some decline in cognitive and physical abilities - may raise the question how and to what extent should there be any way to address the risk of physician who may lose their professional abilities in older age without falling into negative stereotypes and ageism.<br />
A recent article in JAMA Surgery, by Dellinger, Pellegrini, & Gallagher (2017) discuss this issue and provide some proposals to solutions.<br />
See link to the full article <a href="http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamasurgery/article-abstract/2644000" target="_blank">below:</a><br />
http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamasurgery/article-abstract/2644000<br />
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<br />Israel (Issi) Doronhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07767906329448579531noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7370637966747998585.post-33493785954745306352017-08-16T11:12:00.001-07:002017-08-16T12:27:01.154-07:00Re-framing aging and ageism<div style="text-align: right;">
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">One of the key challenges law faces is how to combat ageism.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Various legal instruments, such as anti-discrimination legislation attempt to tackle the issue by either making age discrimination illegal, or by legally empowering older persons through legal representation and rights advocacy.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">However, sometimes, law itself uses an ageist approach. Some examples can be found in the field of elder guardianship or anti elder abuse and neglect legislation. Many times these legal policies adopt a negative and stereotypical approach towards older persons, portraying them as weak, incapable, or vulnerable. </span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">In an interesting move, a group of American organizations, including ASA, <span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-size: 14px;">AARP, Archstone Foundation, The Atlantic Philanthropies, the Endowment for Health, The John A. Hartford Foundation, the Fan Fox and Leslie R. Samuels Foundation, The Retirement Research Foundation, Rose Community Foundation, and The SCAN Foundation - have funded a project titled "ReFraming Aging".</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-size: 14px;">One of the reports, written by the FrameWorks Institue, entitled "Finding the Frame: An Empirical Approach to Reframing Aging and Ageism" presents some very interesting insights regarding the way we as a society should "frame" our discourses around age and aging. The report emphasizes the importance of values, words, language, metaphors, as social vehicles which shape our social construction of old age.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-size: 14px;">We as lawyers, and legislatures, and as professionals who use law as an instrument for social change, are responsible for the usage of words and language in order to secure justice.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-size: 14px;">Hence, it seems that this report may be of much relevance to all elder law persons around the world. Here is a link to the report:<a href="http://frameworksinstitute.org/assets/files/aging_elder_abuse/aging_research_report_final_2017.pdf" target="_blank">LINK TO REPORT</a></span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; font-size: 14px;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">http://frameworksinstitute.org/assets/files/aging_elder_abuse/aging_research_report_final_2017.pdf</span></span></div>
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Israel (Issi) Doronhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07767906329448579531noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7370637966747998585.post-34860290841416821542017-06-29T00:32:00.000-07:002017-06-29T00:32:01.541-07:00Supported decision making - alternative to elder guardianshipFor many years now, and especially after the taking into force of the CRPD - Convention for the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, there has been much debate around the need to develop the Supportive Decision Making Model as an alternative to existing guardianship regimes.<br />
However, in real life there has been relatively little actual experience in this field.<br />
A new report from Israel describes a new model for such supported decision making model, which can be a good starting point for further development of such services.<br />
Here is the link to the full report:<br />
http://bizchut.org.il/he/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Support-system-Model-Bizchut.pdf<br />
<a href="http://bizchut.org.il/he/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Support-system-Model-Bizchut.pdf" target="_blank">Israeli Report</a>Israel (Issi) Doronhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07767906329448579531noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7370637966747998585.post-9962425613647817492016-09-30T08:29:00.000-07:002016-09-30T08:29:23.973-07:00The Human Rights Council extends the mandate of the Independent Expert on the Enjoyment of all Human Rights by Older Persons<div class="SingleTxtG">
On September 26, 2016, the Human Rights Council, decided to extend the mandate of the Independent Expert on the enjoyment of all
human rights by older persons for a period of three years:<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="SingleTxtG">
This is an important decision as it allow the IE (Independent Expert) to continue its role in advancing new policies and instruments to promote the human rights of older persons across the globe.</div>
<div class="SingleTxtG">
Here is the full text of the decision:</div>
<div class="SingleTxtG">
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<div class="H1G" style="margin-left: 92.15pt; tab-stops: 36.0pt; text-indent: -35.45pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB">33/… </span>The human rights of older persons<span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="SingleTxtG">
<span lang="EN-GB"> <i>The Human Rights Council</i>,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="SingleTxtG">
<i>Guided
</i>by the purposes and
principles of the Charter of the United Nations,<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="SingleTxtG">
<i>Guided
also </i>by the Universal
Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenant on Economic, Social and
Cultural Rights, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, the
Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and other relevant human
rights instruments,<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="SingleTxtG">
<i>Reaffirming</i>
the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action,<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="SingleTxtG">
<i>Bearing
in mind</i> the Political Declaration and the Madrid International Plan of
Action on Ageing of 2002, and all other relevant General Assembly resolutions,<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="SingleTxtG">
<i>Recalling</i>
Human Rights Council resolutions 21/23 of 28 September 2012 and 24/20 of 27
September 2013 on the human rights of older persons,<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="SingleTxtG">
<i>Recalling
also</i> its resolutions 5/1, on institution-building of the Human Rights
Council, and 5/2, on the Code of Conduct for special procedures mandate holders
of the Council, of 18 June 2007, and stressing that the mandate holder shall
discharge his or her duties in accordance with those resolutions and the
annexes thereto,<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="SingleTxtG">
<i>Welcoming</i>
the work and taking note with appreciation of the reports of the Independent
Expert on the enjoyment of all human rights by older persons and of the
Open-ended Working Group on Ageing, which is open to all States Members of the
United Nations, for the purpose of strengthening the protection of the human
rights of older persons,<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="SingleTxtG">
<i>Acknowledging</i>
the efforts of States to determine the best way to strengthen the protection of
the human rights of older persons, considering the various proposals that have
been made within the Open-ended Working Group on Ageing, including the possible
elaboration of a multilateral legal instrument on the rights of older persons,<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="SingleTxtG">
<i>Acknowledging
also</i> the adoption of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development,<a href="file:///C:/Users/owner/Documents/Projects/UN%20Convention%20on%20Older%20Persons/A_HRC_33_L9%20-%20Extention%20of%20IE%20of%20older%20persons.docx#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">[1]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> and stressing the need to ensure that no one
is left behind, including older persons,<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="SingleTxtG">
<i>Recognizing</i>
the essential contribution that older men and women can make to the functioning
of societies and to the achievement of the 2030 Agenda,<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="SingleTxtG">
<i>Noting
with appreciation</i> the developments at the regional level towards the
protection and promotion of the human rights of older persons, such as the
Inter-American Convention on the Protection of Human Rights of Older Persons
and the Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights on the
Rights of Older Persons in Africa, as adopted by their State parties,<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="SingleTxtG">
<i>Noting</i>
that, between 2015 and 2030, the number of persons aged 60 years or over is
projected to grow by 56 per cent, from 901 million to 1.4 billion, and that this
increase will be the greatest and the most rapid in the developing world, and
recognizing that greater attention is needed to the specific challenges
affecting older persons, including in the field of human rights,<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="SingleTxtG">
<i>Concerned</i>
at the multiple forms of discrimination that may affect older persons and at
the high incidence of poverty and isolation among this particularly vulnerable
group, especially older women, persons with disabilities, persons of African
descent, individuals belonging to indigenous peoples, persons belonging to
national or ethnic, religious and linguistic minorities, rural persons, persons
living on the streets, migrants and refugees, among other groups,<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="SingleTxtG">
1. <i>Recognizes</i> that older persons face a
number of particular challenges in the enjoyment of their human rights that
need to be addressed urgently, including in the areas of prevention of and
protection against violence and abuse, social protection, food and housing,
right to work, equality and non-discrimination, access to justice, education,
training, health support, long-term and palliative care, lifelong learning,
participation and accessibility;<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="SingleTxtG">
2. <i>Emphasizes</i> the need for a comprehensive,
all-encompassing approach to the care of older persons, which should be
sustainable and based on human rights, and the need for coordination among
sectors, policies, institutions, regional and local governments throughout the
continuum of care, from prevention, promotion, rehabilitation to long-term and
palliative care, including social care and other community services;<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="SingleTxtG">
3. <i>Recalls</i> the need to combat the various
forms of violence against older persons, a widespread phenomenon that includes
discrimination in the public sphere, linguistic and employment discrimination,
lack of access, isolation, neglect, financial exploitation, physical and
psychological violence and the withholding of basic needs, as well as physical
attacks;<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="SingleTxtG">
4. <i>Reiterates</i> that poverty and lack of
income security constitute major concerns for many older persons and that
information and advisory services on social security payments, pensions and
retirement planning contribute to preventing old-age poverty, reducing the
risk-of-poverty rate, vulnerability and social exclusion;<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="SingleTxtG">
5. <i>Emphasizes</i> that consultation with older
persons is essential in the formulation and adoption of legislation and
policies relating to their specific needs and concerns;<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="SingleTxtG">
6. <i>Decides</i> to extend the mandate of the
Independent Expert on the enjoyment of all human rights by older persons for a
period of three years:<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="SingleTxtG">
(<i>a</i>) To continue to assess the
implementation of national, regional and international standards relevant to the rights of older persons and
to identify, exchange and promote best practices related to the promotion and
protection of these rights;<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="SingleTxtG">
(<i>b</i>) To report on developments, challenges
and protection gaps in the realization of the rights of older persons,
including as input to the work of the Open-ended Working Group on Ageing, and
to make recommendations to the Human Rights Council in this regard;<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="SingleTxtG">
(<i>c</i>) To gather, request, receive and
exchange information and communications from and with States and other relevant
sources, including older persons, their representative organizations and other
civil society organizations, on violations of the rights of older persons;<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="SingleTxtG">
(<i>d</i>) To conduct, facilitate and support
the provision of advisory services, technical assistance, capacity-building and
international cooperation in support of national efforts for the effective
realization of the rights of older persons;<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="SingleTxtG">
(<i>e</i>) To raise awareness of the challenges
faced in the realization of the human rights of older persons and of the
positive contribution of older persons to society, and to provide them with
information about their rights;<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="SingleTxtG">
(<i>f</i>) To engage in dialogue and to consult
with States and other relevant stakeholders, including United Nations agencies,
funds <span lang="EN-GB">and programmes, regional human</span> rights mechanisms, national human rights
institutions, older persons, civil society organizations and academic
institutions;<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="SingleTxtG">
(<i>g</i>) To work in cooperation with States,
assisting them when requested, in order to foster the implementation of
measures that contribute to the promotion and protection of the rights of older
persons;<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="SingleTxtG">
(<i>h</i>) To integrate a gender and disability
perspective throughout the work of the mandate, and to address multiple,
intersecting and aggravated forms of discrimination faced by older persons;<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="SingleTxtG">
(<i>i</i>) To work in close coordination, while
avoiding unnecessary duplication, with the Open-ended Working Group on Ageing,
other special procedures and subsidiary organs of the Human Rights Council,
relevant United Nations bodies and the treaty bodies;<o:p></o:p></div>
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7. <i>Requests</i> all Governments to cooperate
with the Independent Expert, and invites them to provide the mandate holder
with all the necessary information related to the mandate;<o:p></o:p></div>
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8. <i>Encourages</i> all relevant stakeholders,
including United Nations agencies, funds <span lang="EN-GB">and programmes,
human</span> rights mechanisms, national
human rights institutions and civil society, and invites the private sector,
donors and development agencies, to cooperate fully with the Independent Expert
to enable the mandate holder to fulfil the mandate;<o:p></o:p></div>
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9. <i>Requests</i> the Secretary-General to ensure
that the reports of the Independent Expert are brought to the attention of the
Open-ended Working Group on Ageing, in accordance with paragraphs 1 and 3 of
General Assembly resolution 67/139 of 20 December 2012;<o:p></o:p></div>
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10. <i>Requests</i> the Secretary-General and the
United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights to provide the Independent
Expert with all the human, technical and financial resources necessary for the
effective fulfilment of the mandate;<o:p></o:p></div>
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11. <i>Decides</i> to remain seized of the matter.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<a href="file:///C:/Users/owner/Documents/Projects/UN%20Convention%20on%20Older%20Persons/A_HRC_33_L9%20-%20Extention%20of%20IE%20of%20older%20persons.docx#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" title=""></a><span lang="EN-GB"> <span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 9.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">[1]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span> General Assembly resolution 70/1. </span><o:p></o:p></div>
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Israel (Issi) Doronhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07767906329448579531noreply@blogger.com0